Parts of Speech in English

There are eight parts of speech in English grammar. Parts of speech are noun, pronoun, adverb, adjectives, conjunction, preposition, interjection, and verb. Parts of speech is the building block of English grammar. Parts of speech tells us the function of different words in a sentence along with grammatical aspects of the word and sentence. Parts of speech are very important for ESL students as learning parts of speech students can easily understand the structure of a sentence, reason of any word or the part of a sentence. Any individual word of a sentence can behaves as a function of different parts of speech. Most of the student are using the parts of speech in their daily conversation, without even knowing that they are using it.

Let us discuss all 8 parts of speech one by one.

Noun

Noun is the name of any person, a place or a thing. Noun can also be the name of an idea for sometimes.

Some of the common examples of nouns are: House, tree, tea, cup, shoes, man, school, college, apple, chair, pen, shirt, tie, New York, china, Pakistan, Lahore, John Abraham, happiness, idea, keyboard, etc.

Noun is basically the name of a place, a thing or even a person. Noun is most common as compare to all of the parts of speech, mostly noun is at the start of a sentence, and i.e. Sara is a doctor. In this sentence, Sara is a noun and doctor is also a noun.

Sometimes a noun comes just after ‘The’: i.e. “The young boy bought a piece of paper for me from the corridor.” Noun can also come after a/an, “An apple a day keeps the doctor away”.

Nouns are of many types, common noun and a proper noun, concrete noun, abstract noun, singular noun, plural noun, etc.

A proper noun always starts with a capital letter and a common noun always starts with a small letter. We can use noun in many forms in a sentence; a noun can be used as an object or a subject, object of preposition, indirect object, direct object or sometimes as subject complement.

Examples

Ali is a lair.
America is the most peaceful country of the world.
A man comes out of box instantly.
This town is full of dirty peoples.

Pronoun

A pronoun is the simple replacement of a noun. Basically a pronoun is used in place of a noun. Some of the pronouns are, he, she, it, I we, they, and you. Pronouns are very important to use, because they add to the beauty of the sentence. We use pronouns for a specific noun and is called antecedent. Let me give you can example to make the thing clear.

Sara is the star player of today’s match, she has done a half century on just twenty balls. In this example, sara is the pronoun and is the antecedent of the pronoun she. Pronouns are of many types, some common types of pronouns are demonstrative pronoun, reflexive pronoun, personal pronoun, possessive pronoun, and relative pronoun, etc.

Demonstrative pronoun, points to, or identify a noun, while personal pronoun refers to a specific thing or a person, reflexive pronoun to emphasize another noun or a pronoun, possessive pronoun basically indicate the ownership of noun.

Examples

John is a cricket player, he loves to fight till the end.
Abraham wants to beat his brother.
They are just the culprit of Afghanistan.

Verbs

A verb is basically an action word. It indicates action, or work. Some of the examples of the verb are eat, walk, manage, close, open, go, ran, create, do think, jump, run, slide, dance, and do, etc.

Verb is the power of a sentence, without a verb in a sentence no one can find out the actual meaning of a sentence. There are over thousand verbs in English and we use them in different forms. In general there are three forms of a verb. Verbs are of different kinds, regular verbs, irregular verbs, auxiliary verbs, dynamic verbs, etc.

Examples

Joe is playing football.
Sara was eating mangoes
A man comes out of box instantly.

4. Adjectives

Adjectives are the modifying words, they modify or describe noun or a pronoun. Adjectives basically classify the quality of a noun or a pronoun. A, an, the, are also classified as common adjectives.

Examples

Neha is a brave girl.
She wear cheap clothes.
I like sweet bananas.
My mother is a beautiful lady.
His friend is very brave.

5. Adverbs

Adverbs are the parts of speech that modify a verb, or an adjective and sometimes another adverb. Adverbs basically describe the verbs, adjectives and other adverbs. Some adverbs end’s in –ly and some don’t ends in –ly. But most of the adverbs ends in –ly. Adverbs answer the questions of how, where, why, etc. Some common adverbs are very, quickly, calmly, closely, almost, always, neatly, nicely, not, bravely, busily, and seemingly, etc.

Examples

He spokes softly.
He rans quickly.
She was hurt badly.
He swims well.
She smells bad.

6. Preposition

A preposition is a word (with, by, etc.) placed before a noun or sometimes a pronoun. A preposition modify another word in the sentence and result in forming a phrase. Some examples of prepositions are in, at, on, by, until, with, below, under, and out, etc.

Some examples of prepositional phrases are, until evening, about the moon, with friends, by train, etc. Prepositions is a word that shows direction, mostly the preposition is the part of a prepositional phrase which acts as adjectives or an adverb.

Examples

He is in the hotel.
Cat is on the table.
Sara is on the roof.
She is calling from New York.

7. Conjunction

A conjunction is a joining word. A conjunction can join clauses, phrases and sometime words. A conjunction is very important part of speech. It adds to the beauty of the sentence. Basically a conjunction depicts the relationship between two phrases, words, or clauses. Conjunction are of many types. Some common types of conjunction are coordinating conjunction, subordinating conjunction, correlative conjunction, ordinal conjunction, etc.

Examples

I have two balls and a bat.
He likes apple and mangoes.
Neither the white dress nor the blue one looks bad at you.
She is working hard to achieve her dreams.

8. Interjection

Interjections express emotions. Interjections are very funny words, like wow, oh, alas, etc. Interjection expressed joy, surprise, sorrow, excitement, etc.

Examples

Hurray! We won the watch.
Alas! He is dead.
Holy shit! He is the serial killer.

Parts of Speech in English | Parts of Speech PDF